The raven: referências, traduções e intermidialidade

Abstract

This thesis aims to update the debate on the intermedial potentiality of Edgar Allan Poe's poem The Raven, especially as regards the enormous volume of references, literary and intermedial translations linked to the most important poem of the aforementioned American writer. Through data surveys about of The Raven poetry in dialogue with the music, with the theater, with the visual arts and especially with the cinema, based on the theoretical contributions of literature, of the theories of cinema, media theory and intermediality, this investigation concluded that the mentioned poem and the essay The Philosophy of Composition has an important contribution to the formation of cinematographic language and also to the development of various intermedial artistic genres that harmonize in many respects with Poe’s aesthetic postulates. The main findings of this research are: The Raven was constantly reproduced in the US newspapers, demonstrating the great interest of the nineteenth century media, the printed newspaper, by this text. The Raven has also been reproduced countless times in anthologies, didactic and of rhetoric manuals, appearing as a poem-icon of the US literary formation from the second half of the 19th century. Besides that, The Raven seems to be the most translated modern poem in the world; one of the most translated for the music (in several genres) and also transposed for the cinema (there is 110 years of dialogical relations between this poem of Poe and the cinema). The relations between The Raven and the other arts have resonances in the cinema produced based on the mentioned poem. There are still convergences between Poe’s aesthetic and various cinematographic aesthetics, as well as in relation to the respective acts of creation of these arts, besides having countless dialogues with the visual arts. The set of research data and the analyzes carried out show that Poe’s Raven is an exceptional prism for the arts and for the medias. Thus, the Poe’s poetics has proven to be successful, from the formal, structural and thematic point of view.